Do Americans in Canada Pay US Taxes?

 The standard work week in Canada at confederation – a time of rapid industrialization and increasing reliance on clock time – was like sixty hours fam: ten hours a day for six days a week (Morton 7). Within five years, tho, citizens tired AF from grinding had started to organize a series of protests that became known as "The Nine-Hour Movement." A commemorative sign in Victoria Park in Hamilton, Ontario be like: "Yo, Hamilton unionists were totally inspired by the Brits and Americans when they launched"Levine spills the tea on how society be movin' fast AF. 

He's like, every time there's a new tech thing, people start expectin' more. Like, when vacuums became a thing, suddenly everyone wanted their crib to be spotless. 

So they put in the work to get rid of all that nasty dirt (12-13). And Allen Johnson links this trend to consumer culture in particular, noting that "bc of producing and consuming more, we're experiencing an increasing scarcity of time. smh." […] Free time gets converted into consumption time because time spent neither producing nor consuming comes increasingly to be viewed as wasted” (qtd. in Levine 13).Friedman is lowkey skeptical, tho, about finding causality in this vibe, writing with a more chill tone than Banfield that "staying focused and having a game plan are def linked to higher levels of success in our society, while feeling like it's pointless to try and shape the future and being more into instant gratification are traits of poorer peeps" (115). Friedman is like, way more down to admit that not all social distinctions are, like, set in stone, ya know? But there's still some unanswered stuff, like how do poor immigrants who have big dreams for their kids fit into this whole thing? Zimbardo and Boyd, like, they're all like "social class is, like, totally a contributor to and a consequence of time perspective" (101). Still, they be like, "being future-oriented is, like, a must if you wanna be part of the middle class, ya know?" Ambish and the need for achievement totally drive the future, fam orientation that's all about grindin', stackin' that paper, and hustlin' for that glow-up in life through your own hustle" (101).25

OMG, like, Craig Ireland is totally not hating on peeps with low incomes for being all about the present.

 

He's saying that being rich actually makes you more future-focused. Lit, right? "Yo, we've peeped before," he's like, "that modern future vibes and stuff ain't just some historical thing that pops up in the 18th century - it's also something that starts with only a small group of peeps, specifically the rich folks in the late 18th-century industry scene" (170). OMG, like, Ireland is totally spilling the tea on sociological trends in the 21st century. They're saying that for the working class peeps, they've been dealing with the struggle of surviving economically since way before the 70s. Alfred Laliberté's sculpture The Slave to Machinery (c. 1929-34) is, like, a total mood that shows how workers be grindin' so hard and feelin' the pressure of that backbreaking labor, ya know? Anne Newlands writes that "Laliberté uses the mythological figure of Ixion (whose punishment by Zeus was to be forever stuck on a fiery wheel) as, like, a perfect metaphor for his take on society's connection to industrialization." The tired AF dude, like, totally collapses against the lit AF wheel with wings, his freedom totally sacrificed to its sick mechanical spins” (181). The hopeful wings become, like, so bitter, symbolizing how this ideology of non-stop progress is, like, totally messing with people's lives.

 And the worker's agonized posture just proves that being future-oriented is, like, impossible when you're stuck in, like, brutal socioeconomic conditions. 

Tho he spent most of his life in MTL, Laliberté was born into a Québécois farming fam, and it's probs his rural origin that makes Newlands say "his attachment to the old ways made it hard for him to accept the pace of modern life" (181). OMG, Robert Levine has totally studied the "pace of life" in diff cultures, and he's found that modern industrialization is like, obvi connected to a faster social tempo. He measured it by looking at stuff like how strict ppl are about clock time and how fast they walk on sidewalks. So cray! It's like, lowkey weird that as society gets more advanced, people are like, so pressed for time. Like, Zimbardo and Boyd say that rich people can flex with their time, but everyone else is just mad busy. Ppl in nonindustrialized societies be grindin' 15-hour shifts on the reg OMG, like back in the day, peeps used to work for weeks straight. But now, with plow cultivation and all, guys only gotta put in 25 to 30 hours a week. So chill, right? (Levine 14). "The Industrial Revolution was, like, the biggest game-changer ever in speeding up the Western world," Levine says (12). Workplace punch clocks were like, invented in New York in the 1880s, and "efficiency engineering" was all about factory consultants "filming a worker's every move, to like, break down tasks and set standard times for each body motion" (Levine 68, 70).